Sleep is necessary for the people as they need to conserve energy, restore it and then let it out. There are various cycle but it is seen that one sleep cycle comprises of four stages and last for about 90-120 minutes. The phenomenon of dreams can occur in any of the four stages of sleep but the most vivid and memorable dreams occur in the last stage of sleep (also commonly referred to as REM sleep). It is seen that sleep cycle repeats itself about an average of four to five times per night, but may repeat as many as seven times. During these sleep cycles when the dreams occur it is seen that people swear on the fact that they simply do not dream when in reality, they just don't remember their dreams.

  Sleep stages:
There is a drift of wakefulness to sleep and then the actual cycle begins as our eyes move very slowly and muscle activity slows. Then it is the second stage where eye movements stop and our brain waves that are fluctuations of electrical activity that can be measured by electrodes become slower, with occasional bursts of rapid waves called sleep spindles. The body temperature lowers and the body temperature decreases. At the beginning of the next stage it is seen that slow brain waves called delta waves begin to appear, interspersed with smaller, faster waves. It is observed that there is no eye movement or muscle activity. People awakened during deep sleep do not adjust immediately and often feel groggy and disoriented for several minutes after they wake up.
REM sleep:
During various cycles of sleep this can occur anytime where, our breathing becomes more rapid, irregular, and shallow, our eyes jerk rapidly in various directions, and our limb muscles become temporarily paralyzed. There is a rise in the heart rate and our blood pressure rises, and males develop penile erections and the main action is the dreaming of people in this stage. Generally After a person falls asleep, the first REM sleep period generally happens 70-90 minutes later.

The best way of relaxation:

Sleep is essential for all of us as it is the best way of relaxation and people get the rest they are seeking for after a tiresome day. Sleep has many dimensions and aspects to study as sleep is a major factor in the lives of all the people and it has various psychological problems associated with it. Sleep is one of the brain tonics and even mild sleepiness can hurt your performance from taking school exams to playing sports or video games. If there is a lack of sleep then it is seen that there are various physical and physiological changes as Lack of sleep can make you look tired and feel depressed, irritable, and angry. If lack of sleep is observed then it is seen that there is a great amount of fatigue and tiredness during the day.

Problems associated:

When the person undergoes a sleep disorder then it is seen that there are various sleep problems. Sleep disorders are seen when the person has problems like difficulty falling or staying asleep, falling asleep at inappropriate times, excessive total sleep time and even abnormal behaviors associated with sleep. There are sleep disturbances that hamper the amount, timing, or quality of sleep resulting in excessive daytime sleepiness or insomnia. There are some sleep disorders that can cause abnormal behavior like partial arousal or disorders that interfere with sleep stage transitions. There are many other types of psychological disorders that are often attributed to medical or psychiatric disorders. Some people even face problems like chronic neurological disorder that impairs the ability of the central nervous system to regulate sleep.

Risks of having sleep problems:
It is seen that you can greatly improve the quality of your sleep and thereby the overall quality of your mental and physical well being just by following some basic steps to sleep. Generally sleep problems occur if there is a poor sleep environment, anxiety, depression, or other mood disorder, stressful situation such as death of a loved one or job pressure and other problems. There are some disorders associated with the intake those are excessive caffeine or alcohol intake, use of certain medications and drugs, smoking or chewing tobacco etc. disorganized sleep like traveling between time zones, shift workers with rotating schedules, daytime napping and many more.
Prevention of sleep problems:
The best way to get rid of sleep problems is to educate self about the sleep cycle, stages, and common disorders. It is necessary to develop a regularized and healthy sleep routine so that there are no daytime sleep disturbances. As prevention is better than cure it should be noted that talking with your doctor or a sleep specialist about your sleep concerns could really help. The best way to evaluate the quality of your sleep is to think about how you feel during normal daytime activities. To have a healthy and tension free life it is important to explore the possible causes of your sleeplessness and try to find a solution.

Tips for a sound sleep:

In our daily routine we all have too much to do, so take time out and recharge yourself by getting a good night's sleep. The quality and quantity of your sleep can make all the difference in how productive you'll be the next day and hence here are some tips to help you get the sleep you need and deserve.
First of all maintain a regular bed and wake time schedules including weekends also make sure your bed is large enough and comfortable. Then establish a regular, relaxing bedtime routine such as soaking in a hot bath or hot tub and then reading a book or listening to soothing music, this keeps your body relaxed. For a better sleep it is very essential you create a sleep-conductive environment that is dark, quiet, comfortable and cool.
What you should avoid before your bedtime?
Make your bedroom a primarily place for sleeping as it is not a good idea to use your bed for paying bills, doing work, etc. instead help your body recognize that this is a place for rest or intimacy hence use your body only for sleep and sex. About your dinner, you should finish eating at least two to three hours before your regular bedtime and don’t eat a heavy, large meal before going off to sleep.
Exercise regularly and it is very good to exercise early in the morning if not it is best to complete your workout at least a few hours before bedtime. Also before going off to sleep avoid nicotine for example cigarettes, tobacco products as it can lead to poor sleep. And also avoid caffeine such as coffee, tea, soft drinks, chocolate close to bedtime since it can keep you awake. Last but not the least avoid alcohol close to bedtime since it can lead to disrupted sleep later in the night. And also don’t smoke.